🌿 Intermediate Practical Manual – Funaria

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🌿 Intermediate Practical Manual – Funaria

🔬 Classification of Funaria

  • Division : Bryophyta

  • Class : Bryopsida

  • Order : Funariales

  • Family : Funariaceae

  • Genus : Funaria

✨ Characters of Funaria (Specimen)

  1. Funaria shows both gametophytic and sporophytic stages.

  2. The gametophyte (gametophore) consists of stem, leaves, and rhizoids.

  3. The stem is slender, upright, green, and branched. Lateral branches arise below the leaf (extra-axillary).

  4. Leaves are small, ovate, sessile, and green with acute tips, entire margins, and a single midrib. Phyllotaxy is spiral.

  5. Rhizoids are branched, multicellular, and possess oblique septa.

  6. The sporophyte consists of three parts:

    • (a) Foot

    • (b) Seta

    • (c) Capsule

  7. The foot is a conical structure embedded in the female branch.

  8. The seta is a long, stalk-like, hygroscopic structure that helps in spore dispersal by twisting and curling.

  9. The capsule is pear-shaped and covered by a calyptra at the tip.

👉 By these features, the specimen is identified as a Funaria plant with sporophyte.

🖼️ Diagram (Funaria plant with sporophyte)

  • Rhizoids

  • Stem

  • Male branch

  • Female branch

  • Seta

  • Capsule

  • Calyptra

✅ Thus, Funaria is a moss that shows a well-developed gametophyte and dependent sporophyte.

👉🔬 Intermediate Practical Book 

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